Definition
Automated three-dimensional warehouse is also called high-level warehouse or high-level warehouse. Generally speaking, it refers to the use of multi-storey, dozens or even dozens of stores shelf storage unit goods warehouse, and the use of the corresponding material handling equipment to transport goods into and out of the warehouse. Because these warehouses can make full use of space to store goods, they are often referred to as "three-dimensional warehouses".
Automated solid warehouse (AS/RS) is a revolutionary achievement of logistics technology. It usually consists of high-rise shelves, road stackers, conveyors, control systems and computer management systems (WMS). It can be accomplished under the control of computer system. Automatic acquisition of goods.
Development history
The emergence and development of three-dimensional warehouse is the result of production and technological development after World War II. In the early 1950s, a three-dimensional warehouse using bridge stacker appeared in the United States; in the late 1950s and early 1960s, a three-dimensional warehouse of tunnel stacker crane operated by drivers appeared; in 1963, the United States took the lead in using computer control technology in high-level warehouses. The first computer-controlled three-dimensional warehouse. Since then, automated warehouses have developed rapidly in the United States and Europe, and formed specialized disciplines. In the mid-1960s, Japan began to build a physical warehouse. Its development speed is faster and faster, and it has become one of the countries with the largest number of automated warehouses in the world. It is not too late for China to develop three-dimensional warehouses and their material handling equipment. In 1963, the first bridge stacker (Beijing Institute of Lifting and Transport Machinery, Ministry of Machinery) was successfully developed. In 1973, the first computer in China was developed. The control automated warehouse (15 meters high, responsible for the lifting of the machinery department) was put into operation in 1980.
Up to now (2019), the number of China is automated three-dimensional warehouses has exceeded 1,000. Stereoscopic warehouse has become an indispensable storage technology for enterprise logistics and production management because of its high utilization of space, strong ability of entering and leaving warehouse, computer control management and modern management. The importance of enterprises.
application
Automated three-dimensional warehouse is widely used in almost all industries in various applications. In China, the industries used in automated warehouses are machinery, metallurgy, chemical industry, aerospace, electronics, medicine, books, food processing, tobacco, printing, distribution centers, airports, ports, etc.
Basic composition
Automated three-dimensional warehouse basically consists of the following parts
High-rise shelf: steel structure for storing goods. At present, there are two basic forms of welding frame and combination frame. 4.2 Pallets (Containers): Equipment used to transport goods, also known as station equipment.
2. Roadway stacker: equipment for automatic access to goods. According to the structure, it can be divided into two basic forms: single column and double column. According to the service mode, it can be divided into three basic forms: straight line type, bending type and conversion type.
3. Transport system: The main peripheral equipment of the three-dimensional storehouse, responsible for transporting goods to or from the stacker. There are many types of conveyors, such as drum conveyor, chain conveyor, lifting platform, distribution truck, crane, belt conveyor, etc.
4. AGV system: automatically guided to the trolley. According to its guiding method, it can be divided into induction guiding car and laser guiding car.
5. Automatic control system: the automatic control system that drives every equipment of the automatic stereoscopic library system. Fieldbus mode is used as control mode at present.
6. Inventory Information Management System (WMS): Also known as the Central Computer Management System. It is the core of the automatic three-dimensional library system. At present, typical ASL systems use large database systems (such as ORACLE, SYBASE, etc.) to build typical client/server systems, which can be networked or integrated with other systems (such as ERP systems).
advantage
There are many advantages of automatic warehouse. For enterprises, it can be reflected from the following aspects:
1. The basic starting point of the concept of early three-dimensional warehouse is to improve the utilization of space and fully protect the limited precious land. In some developed countries in the West, the idea of increasing space use has broader and deeper implications. Land conservation is related to more aspects such as energy conservation and environmental protection. Some even regard space use as an important indicator of system rationality and progress. The space utilization of three-dimensional library is closely related to its planning. Usually, the space utilization rate of automated elevated warehouse is 2-5 times that of ordinary flat warehouse. This is impressive.
2. Promoting the formation of advanced logistics system and improving the production management level of enterprises. Traditional warehouses are only places for goods storage. Saving commodities is its only function, and it is a kind of "static storage". Automated three-dimensional warehouse uses use use advanced automated material handling equipment, not only can automatically access goods in the warehouse according to needs, but also can organically connect with the production process outside the warehouse, warehouse through computer management system manufacturing and automated material handling equipment. An important part of enterprise production logistics. Purchasing purchased parts and self-made parts into automated warehouse is a part of the whole production process. Short-term storage is the automatic output to the next process at a specified time for production, thus forming an automated logistics system. This is a dynamic storage, and is also an obvious technical trend of the development of automated warehouse.